Many people assume that Judaism opposes organ donation, but in reality, the opposite is true. Saving a life—pikuach nefesh—is one of the highest values in Jewish law, and organ donation is a powerful way to fulfil this mitzvah.
Halachah (Jewish law) in many cases permits and even encourages organ donation when it directly saves lives without endangering the life of the donor. The principle of pikuach nefesh overrides almost all other commandments, making life-saving organ donation not just acceptable but commendable. This applies to both living donations (such as a kidney or liver segment) and posthumous donations of vital organs. As medical technology becomes increasingly skilled and risk factors for donors and recipients continue to drop, rabbis from across the denominations have encouraged Jews to look into becoming donors.
However, there are certain important halachic considerations. One key issue is defining the moment of death. While most medical systems determine death by brain death, some halachic authorities only recognise death when the heart stops beating. This has led to differences in opinion regarding donations from brain-dead patients.
Another consideration is the traditional Jewish respect for the body after death (kavod ha-meit), which includes the prohibition against unnecessary desecration. These are just two issues – and there are many – so it is always a good idea to talk with a rabbi to understand the complexity of this mitzvah. Since saving a life is so important, organ donation should be seen as a desirable and honourable act, rather than a violation and, with careful planning, can be done within halachic parameters.
Jews across the world are increasingly signing up as organ donors, recognising that it aligns with the Jewish values of compassion, responsibility, and preserving life.
Speak to your rabbi and consider signing up – it’s a profound mitzvah. ●
Written by RABBI GREG ALEXANDER, Temple Israel
Rabbis Greg Alexander and Andi Kuti led a moving prayer service for David and Raymond via Zoom at the time of the operations.
Temple Israel www.templeisrael.co.za
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